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Objective To explore the correlation between the incidence of foodborne diseases and meteorological factors in Jinan, and to provide targeted measures for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods Data from the reporting systems of two sentinel hospitals for active surveillance of foodborne diseases from 2013 to 2021 in Jinan were collected. The meteorological data in the same period in Jinan were also collected. The generalized additive model was used to explore the nonlinear relationship between meteorological factors and the incidence of foodborne diseases, and threshold function analysis was use to perform subsection regression. Results The incidence of foodborne diseases was positively correlated with daily average temperature (rs=0.23), relative humidity (rs=0.05), and daily average wind speed (rs=0.01), and negatively correlated with daily average air pressure (rs=-0.19). Based on the GAM results and segmented regression analysis of meteorological factors, it was found that when the daily average temperature was below or above the threshold of 24.63°C, for every 1°C increase in daily average temperature, the incidence of foodborne diseases correspondingly increased by 0.04% and 0.18%. When the daily average wind speed was above the threshold of 2.26 m/s, the incidence of foodborne diseases decreased by 0.36% for every 1 m/s increase in the daily average wind speed. Conclusion Nine years of observation and data analysis have shown that meteorological factors such as daily average temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, and wind speed are related to the incidence of foodborne diseases. These findings suggest that meteorological factors may be important factors leading to foodborne diseases, which provides an important scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.
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Objective:To explore the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in esophageal cancer.Methods:Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the predictive model was constructed based on the differentially expressed ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in esophageal cancer.Results:Seventeen differentially expressed ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (AC108673.2, LINC00942, CASC8, AP003696.1, LINC02154, AC092969.1, AC245100.5, AC011379.1, TMEM161B-AS1, LINC00092, LINC01977, AC107308.1, LINC00261, LINC00592, AP000553.2, HOXC-AS1, Z93403.1) related to the prognosis of esophageal cancer were identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the high-risk lncRNA feature was associated with a poor prognosis of esophageal cancer ( P<0.01). The area under the curve of the lncRNA feature was 0.861 at 1-year, 0.828 at 2-year, 0.764 at 3-year; and it showed superiority over conventional clinical pathology features in predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer. In addition, there were significant differences in immune cells between the low-risk and high-risk groups. The immune checkpoints such as TNFSF 9, CD70 and TNFRSF 25 were also different expression between the two risk groups. Conclusions:Ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature can precisely predict the prognosis of esophageal cancer and serve as therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer.
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A 3-year-old male patient was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) for two years. The patient has multiple neurofibromas in retroperitoneum, lumbococcygeal paravertebral, lumbosacral spinal canal, and foramina. Due to retroperitoneal mass compression, the child suffered from urological complications such as hydronephrosis, ureterdilation, neurogenic bladder, etc., which seriously affected the urination function and resulted in multiple surgical treatments. Currently, the patient has been treated with mitogen activates extracelluar signal-regulated kinases(MEK) inhibitor selumetinib targeted therapy, and has voluntarily urinated, and his general state is better than before medication. The diagnosis and treatment of this case reflects the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases.
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@#With the rapid advancement of science and technology, the application of 3D printing technology for personalized drug manufacturing is becoming increasingly sophisticated.Compared to traditional manufacturing technology, 3D printing can easily customize preparations with specific sizes, shapes and release behaviors for personalized drug use.This review summarizes the principles of several 3D printing technologies commonly used in drug manufacturing, lists the unique advantages and application examples of 3D printing technology for pharmaceutical preparation, analyses the current research status and development trends of the global industry of drug 3D printing, and summarizes the current problems and challenges facing drug 3D printing, aiming to provide some guidance for researchers of 3D printed drugs.
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The identification of oleaginous yeast species capable of simultaneously utilizing xylose and glucose as substrates to generate value-added biological products is an area of key economic interest. We have previously demonstrated that the Cutaneotrichosporon dermatisNICC30027 yeast strain is capable of simultaneously assimilating both xylose and glucose, resulting in considerable lipid accumulation. However, as no high-quality genome sequencing data or associated annotations for this strain are available at present, it remains challenging to study the metabolic mechanisms underlying this phenotype. Herein, we report a 39,305,439 bp draft genome assembly for C. dermatis NICC30027 comprised of 37 scaffolds, with 60.15% GC content. Within this genome, we identified 524 tRNAs, 142 sRNAs, 53 miRNAs, 28 snRNAs, and eight rRNA clusters. Moreover, repeat sequences totaling 1,032,129 bp in length were identified (2.63% of the genome), as were 14,238 unigenes that were 1,789.35 bp in length on average (64.82% of the genome). The NCBI non-redundant protein sequences (NR) database was employed to successfully annotate 11,795 of these unigenes, while 3,621 and 11,902 were annotated with the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL databases, respectively. Unigenes were additionally subjected to pathway enrichment analyses using the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG), Clusters of orthologous groups for eukaryotic complete genomes (KOG), and Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) databases.Together, these results provide a foundation for future studies aimed at clarifying the mechanistic basis for the ability of C. dermatis NICC30027 to simultaneously utilize glucose and xylose to synthesize lipids.
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Objective:To evaluate the relationship between preoperative mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and postoperative delirium (POD) in the patients undergoing total knee/hip arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 625 patients, aged 50-90 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, undergoing total knee and hip arthroplasty under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia from September 2021 to February 2022, were included.One day before surgery, the cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale.The patients were divided into non-MCI group (NMCI group) and MCI group according to the diagnostic criteria of MCI.The concentrations of amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40), amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), total tau protein (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The development of POD was assessed on 1-7 days after operation.The relationship between MCI and POD and relationship of concentrations of β40, Aβ42, T-tau and P-tau in CSFA, Aβ40/T-tau ratio, Aβ42/P-tau ratio and Aβ42/T-tau ratio with POD and MCI were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results:Compared with NMCI group, the incidence of POD was significantly increased, the concentrations of Aβ42 and Aβ40 in CSF, Aβ40/T-tau ratio, Aβ42/P-tau ratio and Aβ42/T-tau ratio were decreased, and T-tau and P-tau concentrations in CSF were increased in MCI group ( P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that before and after adjusting for confounding factors, increased MCI and concentrations of P-tau and T-tau in CSF were the risk factors for POD, and increased concentrations of Aβ42 and Aβ40 in CSF, Aβ40/T-tau ratio, Aβ42/P-tau ratio and Aβ42/T-tau ratio were protective factors for POD ( P<0.05); elevated concentrations of P-tau and T-tau in CSF were risk factors for MCI before and after adjusting for confounding factors, and increased concentrations of Aβ4 in CSF, Aβ40/T-tau ratio, Aβ42/P-tau ratio, and Aβ42/T-tau ratio were protective factors for MCI after adjusting for confounding factors ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Preoperative MCI are risk factors for POD in the patients undergoing total knee/hip arthroplasty.
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Objective:To evaluate the endoscopic therapeutic effect on Barrett esophagus (BE) with special intestinal metaplasia.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on data of 56 patients of BE with special intestinal metaplasia who were diagnosed in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2017 to December 2019 and treated with endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (ERFA) or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). The postoperative bleeding rate, feeding obstruction rate, operative time, hospital stay and residual or recurrent intestinal metaplasia lesions were studied.Results:There were no significant differences between the ERFA group ( n=43) and the EMR group ( n=13) in terms of age, gender, length of BE, preoperative gastrointestinal symptoms and comorbidity ( P>0.05). The postoperative bleeding rate [23.1% (3/13) VS 0, P=0.010] and feeding obstruction rate [30.8% (4/13) VS 4.7% (2/43), P=0.022] were higher in the EMR group compared with those in the ERFA group, and the operative time [6.0 (5.6, 6.2) min VS 5.4 (5.2, 5.5) min, Z=4.95, P<0.001] and hospital stay [6.0 (5, 7) d VS 3.5 (3, 4) d, Z=5.76, P<0.001] were longer in the EMR group. There were no significant differences in the incidences of postoperative pain or fever between the two groups ( P>0.05). No residual or recurrent intestinal metaplasia lesions were observed during the follow-up in any EMR patient, and follow-up biopsies after the first treatment in the ERFA group revealed residual intestinal metaplasia lesions in 41.9% (18/43) patients, with a significant difference ( P=0.005). Conclusion:EMR is more thorough in the treatment of BE with special intestinal metaplasia, while ERFA is more widely used in clinical practice for simpler operation, shorter operative time, and less postoperative complications.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) level in early pregnancy and its interaction with maternal body mass index(BMI) on neonatal birth weight.Methods:Data of full-term singleton delivery mother-infant pairs from 2014 to 2016 in Wenzhou were collected. The exposure(ALT>40 U/L) and non-exposure(ALT≤40 U/L) groups were matched using 1∶4 propensity score matching. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between increased ALT level in the first trimester and abnormal birth weight as well as the effect of its interaction with BMI on abnormal birth weight.Results:Multivariate analysis showed that the risks of macrosomia and large for gestational age(LGA) in pregnant women with ALT>40 U/L were 1.584(95% CI 1.323-1.896) and 1.292(95% CI 1.142-1.461) compared with those with ALT≤40 U/L. ALT in the first trimester displayed an additive interaction with BMI on the risk of macrosomia [the relative excess risk due to interaction( RERI)=2.032, 95% CI 0.307-3.757, the attributable proportion due to interaction( API)=0.448, 95% CI 0.221-0.684, the synergy index( S)=2.348, 95% CI 1.274-4.324]. In addition, there was no interaction between ALT and BMI on the risk of LGA, and nor did the association of ALT in the first trimester with low birth weight or small for gestational age exist. Conclusion:ALT>40 U/L in the first trimester increases the risk of high birth weight, especially in overweight or obese pregnant women in the first trimester. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of ALT level in obese pregnant women during the first trimester.
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Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of rivaroxaban combined with ateplase on patients with acute pulmonary embolism and its influence on inflammatory factors and coagulation function.Methods:One hundred and two patients with acute pulmonary embolism admitted to the First People′s Hospital of Linping District from March 2016 to March 2020 were divided into observation group (51 cases) and control group (51 cases) by random number table.Methods:The control group was treated with ateplase, and the observation group was treated with rivaroxaban on the basis of the control group. The course of treatment in both groups was 10 d. The effective and the changes of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO 2), heart rate(HR), inflammatory factors and coagulation index were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Results:The total effective rate after treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: 90.20%(46/51) vs. 68.63%(35/51), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.256, P<0.05). The level of PaO 2 after treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the levels of PaCO 2 and HR after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (82.91 ± 4.35) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (73.35 ± 2.97) mmHg, (34.21 ± 2.89) mmHg vs. (39.98 ± 3.25) mmHg, (76.83 ± 3.76) beats/min vs. (84.20 ± 3.15) beats/min, the differences were statistically significant ( t = 12.96, 9.48, 9.17, P<0.05). The levels of interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (0.62 ± 0.20) μg/L vs. (1.08 ± 0.23) μg/L, (15.42 ± 2.53) μg/L vs.(20.93 ± 2.78) μg/L, (0.49 ± 0.16) μg/L vs. (0.78 ± 0.12) μg/L, the differences were statistically significant ( t = 10.78, 10.47, 10.36, P<0.05). The levels of fibrinogen, D-Dimer after treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (2.78 ± 0.61) g/L vs. (3.53 ± 0.54) g/L, (1.18 ± 0.23) mg/L vs. (1.69 ± 0.28) mg/L; but the levels of prothrombin time, activate part plasma prothrombin time after treatment in the observation group were longer than those in the control group: (15.85 ± 1.48) s vs. (13.04 ± 1.27) s, (40.79 ± 2.34) s vs. (37.46 ± 2.98)s, the differences were statistically significant ( t = 6.58, 10.05, 10.29, 6.28, P<0.05). Conclusions:Rivaroxaban combined with ateplase is effective in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism, and it can reduce inflammatory reaction and improve coagulation function.
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Objective:To compare the spermatogenes response of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)combined with human menopausal gonadotropin(HMG)in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(IHH)and congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency(CCPHD), and to explore related factors.Methods:Clinical data of 90 IHH patients and 61 CCPHD patients from January, 2014 to November, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Spermatogenesis was compared between the two groups receiving combined gonadotropin therapy. The patients were then divided into two subgroups: spermatogenesis subgroup and nonspermatogenesis subgroup. Related factors of spermatogenesis after the combined gonadotropin therapy were investigated.Results:After the combined treatment of HCG/HMG for 3, 6, and 9 months, the patients with CCPHD revealed lower testicular sizes than those with IHH( P=0.004, 0.021 and 0.032, respectively). Compared with IHH patients, CCPHD patients had larger testicular volume increments( P<0.001), higher spermatogenesis rates( P=0.048), and shorter initial time for sperm appearance( P<0.001)after 24-month treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower total cholesterol(TC)(IHH group: OR=5.508, 95% CI 1.110-27.326, P=0.037; CCPHD group: OR=4.068, 95% CI 1.077-15.371, P=0.039)was an independent risk factor of poorer spermatogenesis in patients with IHH and CCPHD. Conclusions:The patients with CCPHD demonstrate a better response to combined gonadotropin treatment than those with IHH. Lower TC is an independent risk factor for poor spermatogenesis of combined HCG/HMG therapy in patients with IHH or CCPHD.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a patient featuring developmental delay.@*METHODS@#The patient and her parents were subjected to G- and C-banded chromosomal karyotyping analysis. The proband was also analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP-array). The result was verified by using fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR).@*RESULTS@#The proband's karyotype was ascertained as 46,XX, r(15)(p11.2q26.3)[92]/45,XX,-15[9]/46,XX, dic r(15)(p11.2q26.3;p11.2q26.3)[4]. SNP-array revealed that she has carried a de novo deletion at 15q26.3 (98 957 555-102 429 040) spanning approximately 3.4 Mb, which encompassed the IGF1R gene. qPCR has confirmed haploinsufficiency of exons 3, 10 and 20 of the IGF1R gene. Both of her parents had a normal karyotype.@*CONCLUSION@#The abnormal phenotype of the proband may be attributed to the microdeletion at 15q26.3, in particular haploinsuffiency of the IGF1R gene and instability of the ring chromosome. Cytogenetic method combined with SNP-array and qPCR can efficiently delineate chromosomal aberrations and provide accurate information for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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Female , Humans , Chromosome Deletion , Cytogenetic Analysis , Genetic Counseling , Karyotyping , Phenotype , Ring ChromosomesABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the inhibitory effect of berberine (BBR) on the apoptosis of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (hREC) under high glucose environment.Methods:hREC was divided into blank control group (NC group), high glucose group (HG group), BBR treatment group (BN group), and BBR+high glucose treatment group (BH group). The cells of each group were cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium; 5.5 and 30.0 mmol/L glucose were added to the medium of the NC group and HG group, respectively; 5.0 mmol/L glucose and 5.0 mmol/L BBR was added to the BN group; 30.0 mmol/L glucose and 5.0 mmol/L BBR was added to the medium of the BH group. Flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptosis rate of each group. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), and Cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and cysteine aspastic acid-specific protease 3 (Caspase-3) proteins in each group of cells. The difference between the two groups was tested by t test, and the difference among multiple groups was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results:The results of flow cytometry showed that compared with the NC group, the apoptosis rate of the HG group significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01); compared with the HG group, the apoptosis rate of the BH group significantly reduced, the difference was statistical significance ( P<0.05). Western blot test results showed that, compared with the NC group, the relative expression of Bax and Caspase-3 protein in the HG group increased, and the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Compared with the HG group, the relative expression of Bax, Cyt-C, and Caspase-3 protein in BH group cells decreased, and the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion:BBR can inhibit hREC apoptosis by affecting the expression of apoptotic protein under high glucose environment.
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Objective:To analyze the association between the Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI)and the risk of early in-hospital death in cerebral hemorrhage inpatients.Methods:Basic personal and medical information about sex, age, surgery, frequency of hospitalization, days of hospitalization, and ICD-10 diagnosis code was collected for intracerebral hemorrhage patients aged 60 or above admitted to a tertiary general hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019.The CCI score was calculated based on diagnoses at the time of discharge.Using the CCI score as the dependent variable and in-hospital death as the independent variable, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between CCI and in-hospital death.The receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC)was used to assess the value of CCI in predicting death.Results:A total of 504 cerebral hemorrhage inpatients were included in the study, with an average age of 69.48±7.55 years, and 52 died during the period.Univariate Logistic regression showed that, compared with inpatients with CCI=3, the OR values(95% CI)for inpatients with CCI=4 and CCI≥5 were 2.145(1.056-4.355)and 4.769(2.168-10.494), respectively.Multiple Logistic regression showed that, compared with inpatients with CCI=3, the OR(95% CI)for inpatients with CCI≥5 was 4.453(1.474-13.456), The area under the ROC curve was 0.718, with 95% CI at 0.642-0.793( P<0.001). Conclusions:The CCI score was associated with the risk of early in-hospital death in elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage and can be used to assess and predict the risk of early in-hospital death for these patients.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical application of Bushen-Liyan Decoction combined with low frequency pulse acupoint electrical stimulation in the treatment of swallowing dysfunction of stroke patients in convalescent stage. Methods:From January 2018 to March 2020, 108 stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction in the Shandong Provincial Third Hospital were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups with 54 in each according to the random number table method. The control group was given low frequency pulse acupoint electrical stimulation on the basis of conventional treatment, and the study group was given Bushen-Liyan Decoction combined with low frequency pulse acupoint electrical stimulation on the basis of conventional treatment. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The National Institutes of Health Neurological Deficit Score (NIHSS) was used to assess the degree of neurological impairment, the Wada Drinking Water Test was used to assess the degree of swallowing dysfunction, and Barthel Index was used to assess the ability of daily living. The serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), VEGF, IL-18, IL-23, SOD and MDA were detected by ELISA. The adverse reactions during the treatment were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate was 92.6% (50/54) in the study group and 72.2% (39/54) in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups( χ2=7.728, P=0.005). After treatment, NIHSS score and Wata’s drinking water test score of the study group were lower than those in the control group ( t=8.383, 9.740, P<0.001), Barthel index of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( t=4.064, P<0.01). The serum BDNF [(8.42 ± 0.72) μg/L vs. (6.69 ± 0.63) μg/L, t=13.288], IGF-1[(142.20 ± 12.29) μg/L vs. (118.35 ± 10.73) μg/L, t=10.742] and VEGF[(151.29 ± 12.26) ng/L vs. (102.21 ± 9.77) ng/L, t=23.006] were significantly higher than those in control group( P<0.01); The serum levels of IL-18, IL-23 and MDA were significantly lower than those in the control group( t=7.892, 9.897, 6.206, P<0.001), and the level of SOD was significantly higher than that of the control group ( t=18.510, P<0.001). During the treatment, no serious adverse events occurred in both groups. Conclusion:Bushen-Liyan Decoction combined with low-frequency pulse acupoint electrical stimulation can reduce the clinical symptoms, inflammatory reaction and brain tissue damage of stroke patients with dysphagia, improve the swallowing function and improve the clinical efficacy.
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Objective:To evaluate the value of DWI with background suppression (DWIBS) in evaluating the injury of the low limb nerves in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 30 patients with GBS and 30 healthy volunteers matched with their age and gender in Zibo Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received lower limb nerve electrophysiological examination and all subjects received lower limb nerve DWIBS examination one week later. The display of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve after DWIBS image reconstruction in normal volunteers and GBS patients was scored by two senior radiologists. Kappa consistency test was used to analyze the consistency of the two senior radiologists′ scores. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) and motor nerve conduction amplitudes of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve in patients with GBS among different DWIBS scores. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between DWIBS tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve scores and electrophysiological parameters in patients with GBS.Results:In the DWIBS images of 30 healthy volunteers, 60 tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves showed clear, sharp edges, good signal intensity, uniformity, and the scores were 4. The consistency between the two radiologists was good (Kappa value=1.0). In the 60 tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves of 30 GBS patients, 53 tibial nerves and 52 common peroneal nerves showed abnormal changes in varying degrees, including blurred edges, distortions, difficulty in recognition, and weakened signal strength, etc. The consistency between the two readers was good (Kappa value=0.879,0.863,respectively.).With the decrease of DWIBS score, the MCV and motor nerve conduction amplitude values of tibial nerves and common peroneal nervesin GBS patients decreased, and the differences between the score groups were statistically significant ( P<0.01). The scores of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves in DWIBS were positively correlated with MCV ( r=0.83, 0.84, respectively, P<0.05) and motor nerve conduction amplitude ( r=0.81, 0.79, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion:DWIBS could provide a three dimensional visualization of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves, and evaluate the disorders of peripheral nerves in patients with GBS. There has correlation between the scores of tibial nerves and common peroneal nerves in DWIBS with electrophysiology parameters.
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Objective:To analyze the research hotspots, research directions and future trends of social isolation of the elderly in the past 10 years, so as to provide reference for future research.Methods:The literature on social isolation of the elderly included in the Web of Science database from 2010 to 2020 was retrieved, and bibliometrics analysis was conducted on the number of literature publications, key words, countries and institutions, keyword knowledge graph analysis and keyword emergence and other aspects using science citation analysis and Citespace5.7.R3 visualization software.Results:A total of 1 178 articles were included. The document volume showed a rising tendency, The majority of them was in Britain and the United States, less international cooperation among the author, issuing agency is given priority to with university. The research focuses on the mental health of the elderly, social isolation intervention methods, risk factors, quality of life and mortality, etc.Conclusions:The phenomenon of social isolation of the elderly has become a research hotspot in the international community, while China′s research in this field is still in its infancy. Future research should draw lessons from the experience and methods of foreign research, and explore intervention methods suitable for the social isolation of the elderly in China, so as to better promote the healthy aging of the elderly.
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Problem-based Learning (PBL) teaching aims to develop students' ability to ask questions, analyze and solve problems so as to improve their autonomous learning and life-long learning ability. This study attempts to embed PBL teaching into the intercultural communication course of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) English. Feedbacks from students through assessment questionnaires and interviews, as well as the author's reflections based on the teaching are included in this paper. Suggestions on the practical application of PBL teaching in the course are also given in the end.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods The clinical data of 117 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from January 2016 to June 2017 in Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.According to the eGFR level,the patients were divided into 3 groups:eGFR ≥ 90 ml/(min· 1.73 m2) in 68 cases (DM0 group),eGFR 60 to 89 ml/(min· 1.73 m2) in 33 cases (DM1 group),and eGFR ＜ 60 ml/(min· 1.73 m2) in 16 cases (DM2 group).In addition,30 healthy people in the same period were selected as control group (NC group),eGFR ≥ 90 ml/(min · 1.73 m2).The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood routine,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),total cholesterol （TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),urea nitrogen,creatinine and uric acid were recorded;and the NLR was calculated.The influencing factors of eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus were analyzed,and the relationship between NLR and eGFR was evaluated.Results Compared with that in NC group and DM0 group,the eGFR in DM1 group and DM2 group was significantly lower:(75.12 ± 8.14) and (46.31 ± 13.25) ml/(min· 1.73 m2) vs.(114.17 ± 12.21) and (113.21 ± 12.04) ml/(min· 1.73 m2),the NLR was significantly higher:2.50 ± 1.16 and 2.75 ± 1.39 vs.1.53 ± 0.22 and 1.83 ± 0.65,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with that in DM1 group,the eGFR in DM2 group was significantly lower,the NLR was significantly higher,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in NLR and eGFR between DM0 group and NC group (P ＞ 0.05).Correlation analysis result showed that NLR,age,course of disease,systolic blood pressure,TC,HDL-C,urea nitrogen,creatinine and uric acid were negatively correlated with eGFR (r =-0.415,-0.555,-0.491,-0.432,-0.259,-0.237,-0.584,-0.840 and-0.261;P ＜ 0.05);gender,diastolic pressure,HbA1c,TG and LDL-C were not correlated with eGFR (P ＞ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis result showed that NLR,age,TC,creatinine and systolic blood pressure were independent risk factors of eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusions There is a close relationship between the increase of NLR and the decrease of eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Monitoring NLR is helpful to understand the changes of eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of applying waterproof film combined with non-woven tape fixation of endotracheal tube in cleft lip and palate operation.Methods:From July 2018 to December 2018, 72 cases of cleft palate and cleft lip were selected from the operating room of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University The cases were randomly divided into the control group (suture and thread fixation method) and the experimental group (medical waterproof lamination combined with non-woven cloth), with 36 cases in each group. The duration of catheter fixation, intraoperative catheter fixation and postoperative catheter-related complications were compared between the two groups.Results:There were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the duration of catheter fixation, surgeon satisfaction score and incidence of needle stab injury and needle stab bleeding: (1.15±0.63) min, (4.50±0.56), 0 case, 0 case in the experimental group, and those in the control group were (2.36±0.56) min, (3.83±1.13), 6 cases, 6 cases ( t values were 0.000, 14.435, χ2 values were 72.000, 6.545, P<0.01 or 0.05). Compared with the control group, there were no statistically significant differences in operation time, intraoperative oxygen saturation, catheter fixation direction, incidence of tube tearing, and incidence of postoperative scar ( P>0.05) in the experimental group. Conclusions:Medical waterproof film combined with non-woven tape fixed endotracheal intubation can obviously shorten the preoperative endotracheal intubation fixing time, improve the surgeon satisfaction. At the same time, it is effective in preventing postoperative complications caused by fixation with needle and silk thread.
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Objective:To investigate the normal range of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy children aged 6-18 in Jinan.Methods:The healthy school children aged 6-18 in Jinan from October 11 to 26, 2017 were selected for questionnaire survey, physical examination and exhaled nitric oxide test.The levels of mouth exhaled nitric oxide at the flow rate of 50 mL/s (FeNO 50) and mouth exhaled nitric oxide at the flow rate of 200 mL/s(FeNO 200), alveolar nitric oxide (CaNO), and nasal exhaled nitric oxide at the flow rate of 10 mL/s(FnNO 10) were measured by the electroche-mical method.The distributions of FeNO 50, FeNO 200, CaNO and FnNO 10 were analyzed, and their correlations with gender, age, height and body mass index (BMI) were discussed by the multiple linear regression model. Results:A total of 772 healthy children were enrolled in this study, including 364 males and 408 females, with a median age of 12.1(11.8-12.3) years old, a median height of 154.8(153.6-156.0) cm, and a median BMI of 20.3 (20.0-20.6) kg/m 2. The measured values of FeNO 50, FeNO 200, CaNO and FnNO 10 fluctuated in the range of 3.0-168.0 ppb, 2.0-44.0 ppb, 0.5-44.2 ppb and 0-1 253.0 ppb, respectively.FeNO 50, FeNO 200 and CaNO values showed skewed a distribution, and their 95% upper limits were 35.0 ppb, 13.3 ppb and 8.5 ppb, respectively.The geometric mean(95% CI) of FeNO 50 in males (95% CI)[14.6 (13.7-15.5) ppb] was significantly higher than that in females [13.3(12.7-14.0) ppb], and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=1.470, P=0.027). The multiple linear regression results suggested that, FeNO 50 was positively correlated with age and height ( β=0.023, 0.007, respectively, all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with BMI ( β=-0.016, P<0.05). The geometric mean (95% CI) of FeNO 200in males[7.1 (6.8-7.4) ppb] was significantly higher than that in females[6.4 (6.1-6.6) ppb], and the difference was statistically significant( Z=1.747, P=0.004). The multiple linear regression results suggested that, FeNO 200 was positively correlated with height ( β=0.005) and negatively correlated with gender(female β=-1.126) (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between male and female in CaNO, which had no correlation with gender, age, height and BMI (all P>0.05). FnNO 10 showed a normal distribution, with a mean value of 456.2 ppb, 95% CI of 29.3-863.4 ppb.The geometric mean (95% CI) of FnNO 10 in males [408.7 (377.1-443.0) ppb] was significantly higher than that in females [368.8 (339.0-401.3) ppb], and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=1.722, P=0.005). The multiple linear regression results indicated that FnNO 10 was related to gender ( β=-36.098, P<0.05), and not correlated with age, height and BMI (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The normal ranges of FeNO 50, FeNO 200, CaNO and FnNO 10 in healthy children aged 6-18 in Jinan are 3.0-35.0 ppb, 2.0-13.3 ppb, 0.5~8.5 ppb and 29.3-863.4 ppb, respectively.FeNO 50 is correlated with age, height and BMI.FeNO 200 is correlated with gender and height.CaNO and FnNO 10 are not correlated with age, height or BMI.